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Udder swelling occurs when the mammary glands become inflamed due to infection, trauma, or other factors. The most common cause is bacterial infection, with pathogens such as *Staphylococcus aureus* and *Escherichia coli* being the primary culprits. Milking machine malfunctions, improper milking techniques, and poor hygiene practices can also exacerbate the risk of infection. Environmental stressors, nutritional deficiencies, and systemic diseases can further contribute to the swelling.


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antibiotics for cattle pneumonia

Disinfectants play a crucial role in maintaining the health and well-being of animals in veterinary settings. From veterinary clinics to farms and animal shelters, the use of effective disinfectants is essential in controlling the spread of infectious diseases, ensuring the safety of both animals and humans. This article will discuss the importance of disinfectants in veterinary use, the different types available, and best practices for their application.


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antibiotics for cattle pneumonia